Post-Harvest Conservation Methods for Solenostemon rotundifolius Seedlings: An Effectiveness Study | InformativeBD

Arnaud Rodrigue Zongo,  from the institute of Burkina Faso.  Rasmata Nana, from the institute of Burkina Faso. Ousseni Berthé, from the institute of Burkina Faso. Aboubacar Sory, from the institute of Burkina Faso . Aboulazize Banhoro, from the institute of Burkina Faso. and Diaby Hadi Abdoul Kassamba, from the institute of Burkina Faso. wrote a Research Article about, Post-Harvest Conservation Methods for Solenostemon rotundifolius Seedlings: An Effectiveness Study. Entitled, Evaluation of the effectiveness of post-harvest conservation methods for seedlings of Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir. J. K. Morton). This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences (IJB). an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences . under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

Solenostemon rotundifolius is a tuberous plant with great food and economic potential in Burkina Faso. One of the major problems in its production is the loss of seedlings during storage, resulting in a shortage of raw materials at planting time. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of methods for preserving S. rotundifolius seedlings. A randomized block design with three (03) replicates was used. Twelve (12) preservation methods were tested. Measurements were made on the rate of budded seedlings, budding time, bud length and seedling loss rate. The results showed that six (6) conservation methods produced seedlings with a budding rate of over 80% and low seedling loss rates, ranging from 2.38% to 6.19%. These are: conservation in “Bitatoré” with millet husks as additive (BITA+G) with a seedling budding rate of 89.05 ± 2.27%, canaries with sand as additive (CAN+S) with a budding rate of 87.62 ± 2.17%, “Bitatoré” without additive (BITA) with a budding rate of 86,19 ± 2.33%, Storage in Sand and Sprouting (Tri S) with a budding rate of 85.71 ± 2.72%, canaries with wood shavings as additive (CAN+CB) with a budding rate of 85.24 ± 2.35% and canaries without additive (CAN) with a budding rate of 85.24 ± 2.54%. In addition, the seedlings produced by these methods had respective seed loss rates of 2.86%, 2.86%, 6.19%, 2.38%, 3.81% and 5.71%. The results also showed that seedling budding time varied from 51 ± 4 to 70 ± 3 days, depending on the storage method.

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Introduction

Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir.) J. K. Morton, native to tropical Africa (Tindall, 1983), is an annual herbaceous member of the Labiaceae family (Schippers, 2002). It is cultivated in several African countries, notably in West Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, Togo), in Central Africa (Cameroon, Chad) and in parts of South and East Africa. 

In Burkina Faso, S. rotundifolius is mainly grown for its edible tubers. Indeed, S. rotundifolius tubers are used as a staple food in rural areas and as a dietary supplement in urban areas (Nanema, 2010). S. rotundifolius tubers contain protein, carbohydrates, fiber, lipids and are rich in minerals such as calcium, magnesium, iron, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, manganese, copper, zinc and chromium (Gouado al., 2003; Prematilake, 2005, Enyiukwu et al. 2014, Sethuraman et al., 2020; Kwazo et al.,2021). In addition to these nutritional values, S. rotundifolius is of great medicinal importance. Due to the intermediate glycemic index content of its tubers, S. rotundifolius is recommended as a meal for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Eleazu et al., 2017). Tubers reduce blood cholesterol levels (Abraham et al., 2005) and possess strong antioxidant activity (Sandhya et al., 2000, Kwarteng et al., 2018). Also, the leaves and tubers are used in the treatment of several illnesses such as coughs, angina, dysentery, sore eyes (Ouédraogo et al., 2007) and fungal and viral infections in humans (Kwarteng et al.,2018). In addition, the marketing of tubers is a source of income for producers. Thus, a survey conducted in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, revealed that the price of one kilogram of S. rotundifolius tubers was 1.2 to 3 USD (Nanéma al., 2017). Grubben (2004) also reported trade in S. rotundifolius tubers between northern Ghana and Burkina Faso. Despite the plant's many potential uses, it remains under-exploited for a variety of reasons. In Burkina Faso, S. rotundifolius is generally grown by elderly people on small areas (Ouédraogo et al., 2007). In addition, one of the major problems is the difficulty of preserving the seedlings that are the agricultural raw material, particularly their loss during storage (Tindall, 1983). Studies have shown that the lack of appropriate methods for the post-harvest conservation of tubers is the cause of huge losses that can reach 20 to 40% of production (Sugri et al.,2013). Indeed, more rotting occurs during seed conservation. Also, pre-harvest and post-harvest operations damage the tuber integuments, making them more susceptible to attack by micro-organisms (Mohammed, 2013).

In rural areas, growers have developed endogenous methods for preserving S. rotundifolius seedlings. These methods involve keeping the tubers in cool, dry conditions, away from light, cooking salt and fats (Bognounou, 1970, Gouado et al., 2003, Ouédraogo et al., 2007). Seedlings are generally mixed with crop residues (millet husks) and stored in containers such as granaries and canaries (Ouédraogo et al., 2007). However, the problem of preservation remains a major constraint, hampering production. The aim of the present study is to identify the best methods for conserving S. rotundifolius seedlings. Specifically, it aims to: (i) assess the effect of conservation methods on seedlings, (ii) identify conservation methods that promote better seedling budding.

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Source : Evaluation of the effectiveness of post-harvest conservation methods for seedlings of Solenostemon rotundifolius (Poir. J. K. Morton)