Physicochemical Properties of Locally Sourced Root Crop-Based Culture Media | InformativeBD

Vicky A. Agpasa, from the different institute of the Philippines. wrote a Research Article about, Physicochemical Properties of Locally Sourced Root Crop-Based Culture Media. Entitled, Physicochemical characteristics of the formulated culture media using locally available root crops. This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences (IJB). an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

The study aimed to develop fungal culture media in dehydrated form utilizing selected locally available root crops such as cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), ube (Dioscorea alata L.), taro (Colocasia esculenta) and potato (Solanum tuberosum). Specifically, the objectives of the study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the formulated culture media such as the color, clarity, gel strength, ash, moisture, crude protein, crude fat and total carbohydrate contents. From the formulated combination, 39 grams of the formulated culture medium was suspended in 1000 ml of distilled water. The agar powder acted as a gelling agent for the medium. The resulting solution was boiled until all constituents were dissolved. It was autoclaved for 15 minutes at 121oC. The pH was adjusted based on the following requirement of the fungi: Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4-6, Aspergillus niger 5.5 and Rhizopus stolonifer 7-8. The media was dispensed into sterile Petri dish, taking care to distribute equally at approximately 20-25ml per petri dish. Based on the findings of the study: (1) the formulated culture media possessed the necessary physicochemical characteristics of culture media for the culture of fungi; and (2) Cassava, sweet potato, ube, taro and potato with dextrose and agar powder showed comparable effects on the growth of fungi under the study. For future researches and studies, the following may be considered: (1) the formulated fungal culture media utilizing local rootcrops are recommended for the cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus niger; and (2) a study may be conducted on the shelf-life of the formulated fungal culture media.

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Introduction

Culture media play a pivotal role in any microbiology laboratory. They are widely employed for isolation, identification and sensitivity testing of different pathogenic microorganisms. Most of the laboratories usually prepare their own media for routine diagnostics as well as research purposes (Basu et al., 2005). Without high-quality media, the possibility of achieving accurate, reproducible and repeatable microbiological test results is reduced. A microbiological culture medium is a substance that encourages the growth, support, and survival of microorganisms.

Culture media contains nutrients, growth promoting factors, energy sources, buffer salts, minerals, metals, and gelling agents (for solid media). Culture media has been used by microbiologists since the nineteenth century. Even with the increased use of rapid methods the majority of techniques found in the pharmaceutical quality control laboratory require growth media. For the assessment of culture media, no one definitive standard exists.

Media containing high carbohydrate source, nitrogen source are required for the growth of fungi at pH range of 5 to 6, and a temperature range from 15 to 37˚C. There are two general types of fungal culture media: natural and synthetic. Natural media are composed of natural substrates, such as herbaceous or woody stems, seeds, leaves, corn meal, wheat germ, and oatmeal etc. Natural media are usually easy to prepare but they have the disadvantage of their unknown composition. Some examples include corn meal agar, potato dextrose agar, V-8 juice agar, and dung agar. Synthetic media, on the other hand, contain ingredients of known composition. These types of media can be duplicated with precision each time they are made and contain defined amounts of carbohydrates, nitrogen, and vitamin sources. Czapek- Dox medium, glucoseasparagine and Neurosporacrassa minimal medium fall in this category.

One of the standard approaches to the laboratory diagnosis of fungal infections is the cultivation of the causative fungus and its subsequent identification.

For any fungus to be cultivated for any purpose, it is necessary to provide the appropriate biochemical and biophysical environments. The biochemical or nutritional environment is made available as culture medium (ASM, 2019).

However, these culture media are not readily available and expensive and thus their usage in small diagnostic laboratories has undoubtedly decreased. With this situation at hand, the protocols of proper disease diagnosis which involves the isolation and identification of the etiologic agent in a disease has been commonly disregarded.

As a consequence, there is unnecessary and inadequate administration of medications that would possibly result to the development of resistance by these microorganisms. Analyzing such circumstances, simple culture media in dehydrated form with low cost using abundant naturally occurring resources such sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), cassava, (Manihot esculenta), ube (Dioscorea alata L.), taro (Colocasia esculenta), and potato (Solanum tuberosum) shall be formulated. Generally, the study aimed to develop fungal culture media in dehydrated form utilizing selected locally available root crops such as cassava (Manihot esculenta), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), ube (Dioscorea alata L.), taro (Colocasia esculenta), and potato (Solanum tuberosum). Specifically, the objectives of the study was to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the formulated culture media such as the color, clarity, gel strength, ash, moisture, crude protein, crude fat and total carbohydrate contents.

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