Enzyme Production and Potassium Solubilization by Rhizobacteria from Piper betle Fields in Guntur, India | InformativeBD

M. Roja Susmitha, and K. Ammani, from the different institute of India. wrote a Research Article about, Enzyme Production and Potassium Solubilization by Rhizobacteria from Piper betle Fields in Guntur, India. Entitled, A study on synthesis of amylase, cellulase L-asparaginase enzymes and potassium solubulizing efficiency of rhizobacteria from the Piper betle fields of Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India. This research paper published by the International Journalof Biosciences (IJB).  an open access scholarly research journal on Biodiversity . under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract 

The present study was aimed to screen the potassium solubilizing rhizobacteria from Betel vine plant (Piper betle) of Guntur district (Nutakki, Revendrapadu), Andhra Pradesh, India.  In present study nutrient agar and Aleksandrov medium (A) were used for the isolation of rhizobacteria. A total of 15 rhizobial strains designated as ASN-1 to ASN-15 were isolated.  All the strains were tested for their efficiency in synthesizing amylase, cellulase L-asparaginase enzymes.  Apart from these all the strains are also tested for their Potassium solubulizing efficacy. Highly potent strain was based on its morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics (16s r RNA sequencing). Of all the rhizobial strains, ASN-5 showed high potassium solubilization efficiency 15 mm at 25 μg/ml on Aleksandrov  medium after 72 h of incubation at 28±2 ⁰C. Beside potassium solubilization strain ASN-5 is able to produce amylase, cellulase and L-asparaginase enzymes. The potential strain was characterized as Bacillus endophyticus ASN-5 (MW537708).

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Introduction

Potassium (K) is the third major essential macronutrient after Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) for plant growth, development, metabolism (Protein synthesis, Photosynthesis) and Resistance to diseases (Sardans et al., 2012). It was considered as a major constituent within all living cells. With insufficient potassium levels, the plants will grow slowly, produce small seeds, have poorly developed roots and have lower yields. Though the Potassium was an abundant element in soil only 1-2% of this is available to plants as natural or synthetic fertilizers and the rest being bound with other minerals and therefore unavailable to plants. In soil, K is present in several forms such as exchangeable K, non-exchangeable K, mineral K and soluble K. The soluble potassium concentrations in the soil are usually very low and above 90% of potassium in the soil exist in the form of silicate minerals and insoluble rocks (Archana et al., 2012; Bahadur et al., 2014). 

Rhizosphere microflora especially bacteria have been found to dissolve potassium from insoluble potassium.The popular rhizosphere bacteria includes Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Acidothiobacillus, Bacillus and Paenibacillus etc., has been reported to release potassium in accessible form from potassiumbearing minerals in soils (Dixon and Weed, 1989; Jain et al., 2022). The potassium solubilizing bacteria (KSB) werefound to dissolve potassium and other nutrients (aluminium and silicon) from insoluble Kbearing minerals by excreting organic acids which directly dissolved rock K.

Moreover, because of imbalanced fertilizer application, K-deficiency is becoming major barrier in crop productionand need to have an alternative source of K for plant uptake and to maintain K levels in soils for sustainable crop production (Meena et al., 2014). Since, Soil microbes have been reported to play a key role in the natural K cycle and therefore, potassium solubilizing microbes present in the soil could make potassium was available for plants uptake (Khan et al., 2007). Currently, the application of K solubilizing bacteria as biofertilizer or bio control agents for agriculture improvement can reduce the use of agrochemicals, enhance soil fertility and support eco-friendly crop production (Han et al., 2006; Matias et al., 2019).

In view of beneficial role of K in agriculture sector, the present research was focused on isolation and screening of efficient potassium solubilizing bacterial strains from rhizosphere soil of Piper betle at Guntur district (Nutakki and Revendrapadu villages), Andhra Pradesh, India.

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Source : A study on synthesis ofamylase, cellulase L-asparaginase enzymes and potassium solubulizing efficiencyof rhizobacteria from the Piper betle fields of Guntur District, AndhraPradesh, India