Enhancing Broiler Meat Quality: Sensory Impact of Fermented Turmeric Supplementation I InformativeBD

Nena V. Siaboc, and Reylon M. Bedro, from the different institute of Philippines. wrote a Research Article about, Enhancing Broiler Meat Quality: Sensory Impact of Fermented Turmeric Supplementation. Entitled, Sensory Attributes of Broiler Meat with Dietary Supplementation of Fermented Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Tubers (FTT). This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences (IJB). an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

Broilers are specifically raised for meat purposes.  Feed and water supplements are provided to the birds in order to hasten growth and development.  The study was conducted to evaluate the sensory attributes of broiler chickens with Dietary Supplementation of Fermented Turmeric Tubers (FTT).  A total of sixty (60) day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into four treatment groups with three (3) replicates with (5) birds per replication. The experimental treatments were T1(antibiotic-control), T2 (20 ml FTT), T3 (30ml FTT) and T4 (40 ml FTT) per liter of water. The birds were raised under standard management practices for thirty (30) days. After 30 days, the breast cut of the experimented birds was roasted and sensory attributes of meat based on taste, tenderness, juiciness, odor, texture and overall acceptability were determined by a group of testing panel using hedonic scale of evaluation.  The data gathered were analyzed using ANOVA for Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Results showed that T3 got the highest mean value for Taste, T1 for Tenderness, T4 for juiciness and odor, T1 and T4 for Texture, T2 and T4 for the overall acceptability. However, Statistical Analysis showed no significant differences among treatment means which indicates that supplementation of FTT in broilers did not markedly vary in all treatments. Nevertheless, the supplementation of FTT in the diet of broilers proved to have a positive influence on the taste, juiciness, odor, texture and overall acceptability of broiler meat.  It could be concluded that the use FTT as water supplement had enhanced the sensory attributes of broiler chickens.

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Introduction

Broiler chickens need supplements and nutrients to have faster growth rates and development. Feed supplement and feed additive are nutrient substances used to improve the growth performances (Choi et al., 2023) of broilers chickens. One of feed additives that are frequently used in broiler production is Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP) that was reported to increase the bacterial resistance resistance (Haque et al. 2020; Untari et al., 2021;) in human consuming the broiler’s meat due to the residue of AGP in the broiler tissue. The issues of antibiotic resistance make some countries to prohibit the use of AGP in broiler chickens and food producing animals (Maron et al., 2021). In order to counteract this issue, alternatives to substitute the use of AGP in animal husbandry that improve productivity and health performances were studied and one of this are the utilization of herbal products (Sugiharto, 2021) with the purpose of producing safe meat for human consumption (Ratiq et al., 2022).Turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) is one of these herbs to substitute antibiotic that exhibit antimicrobial activity (Gobiraju et al., 2019; Lagua et al., 2021; Samarasinghe et al., 2023). It is known as the “Golden Spice” from Asia to Africa (Jagganath, 2020) that contains bioactive compounds with powerful medicinal properties, curcumin a natural inflammatory compound (Sharifi-Rad et al., 2020). The medicinal properties of turmeric (Prasad et al., 2011) have been proven to be very effective in broilers, but the use in broilers through fermentation process was not yet studied, hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fermented turmeric tubers on the sensory attributes of broiler meat as water dietary supplement.

Turmeric tubers are locally available, widely cultivated, very affordable because it is considered as one of the cheapest spices (Haque et al., 2020), herbal remedy (Rolfe et al., 2020) and extensively utilized as dietary spice (Jagganath, 2020). As medicinal herb, it is used to treat inflammation, pain, for wound healing, and digestive syndromes (Singletary, 2020). Current studies have shown that turmeric can be a practical alternative to antibiotics considering that misuse of synthetic drug like antibiotics can led to the development of antibioticresistant bacteria that poses a risk in both animals and human health (Aderemi et al., 2023).

In this notion, this study was brought about to prove the valuable influence of turmeric in broilers. The main objective of the study was to determine the effects of Fermented Turmeric Tubers (FTT) dietary supplementation on the sensory attributes of broiler meat based on its tenderness, juiciness, texture, odor, taste and overall acceptability. 

Reference

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Aderemi FA, Alabi OM. 2023. Turmeric (Curcuma longa): an alternative to antibiotics in poultry nutrition. Translational Animal Science 7(1), txad 133. https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txad133.

Choi J, Kong B, Bowker  BC, Zhuang H, Kim WK. 2023. Nutritional strategies to improve meat quality and composition in the challenging conditions of broiler production: A Review”. Animals (Basel) 13(8), 1386. PMID: 37106949; PMCID: PMC10135100.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13081386.

Gobiraju S, Vasan P, Rajendran K, Purushothaman MR. 2019. Gut morphology, immunocompetence, blood and meat quality profile of broiler chickens fed turmeric (Curcuma longa) oil as an antibiotic substitute. Indian Journal of Animal Science 89(1), 77-81. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijans.v89i1.86388.

Haque MH, Sarker S, Islam MS, Islam MA, Karim MR, Kayesh MEH, Shiddiky MJ,  Sawat Anwer M. 2020. Sustainable antibiotic-free broiler meat production: Current trends, challenges, and possibilities in a developing country perspective. Biology 9(11), 411. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9110411.

Jagganath G. 2020.  Turmeric, the golden spice: From Asia to Africa. Open Access J Arch & Anthropol 2(3): Open Access Journal of Archaeology and Anthropology. MS.ID.000540.

Jensen H, Guilaran L, Jarantilla R, Garingalao G. 2006. Nature farming manual A handbook of preparations, techniques and organic amendments. The fermented preparations 6, 5-10.

Lagua EB, Ampode KMB. 2021. Turmeric powder: Potential alternative to antibiotics in broiler chicken diets. Journal of Animal Health and Production 9(3), 243-253. https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.jahp/2021/9.3.243.253.

Łukasiewicz M, Mucha K, Puppel K, Kuczyńska B, Matuszewski A. 2017. Influence of the dietary turmeric supplementation on performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. Roczniki Naukowe Zootechniki 44(1), 107-119.

Maron DF, Smith TJ, Nachman KE. 2013.  Restrictions on antimicrobial use in food animal production: an International Regulatory and Economic Survey. Global Health 9(48). https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8603-9-48.

Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. 2011. Turmeric, the golden spice: From traditional medicine to modern medicine. In: Benzie IFF, Wachtel-Galor S, editors. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. 2nd edition. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. Chapter 13. PMID: 22593922.

Rafiq K, Hossain MT, Ahmad R, Hasan MM, Islam R, Hossen MI, Shaha SN, Islam MR.  2022.  Role of Different Growth Enhancers as Alternative to In-feed Antibiotics in Poultry Industry. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8, 794588. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.794588.

Raskar SS, Bhagat DJ, Agare HR, Desai BG, Chorage NT. 2019. Effect of feeding turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder on the meat quality of broilers. The Pharma Innovation Journal 8(1), 52-55.

Rolfe V, Mackonochie M, Mills S, Maclennan, E. 2020.  Turmeric / curcumin and health outcomes: A meta-review of systematic reviews. European Journal of Integrative Medicine 40, 101252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101252.

Samarasinghe K, Wenk C, Silva KEFT, Gunasekera, JMDM. 2003.  Turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder and mannanoligosaccharides as alternatives to antibiotics in broiler chicken diets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences 16(10), 1495–1500. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.1495.

Sharifi-Rad J, Rayess YE, Rizk AA, Sadaka C, Zgheib R, Zam W, Sestito S, Rapposelli S, Neffe-Skocińska K, Zielińska D, Salehi B, Setzer WN, Dosoky NS, Taheri Y, El Beyrouthy M, Martorell M, Ostrander EA, Suleria HAR, Cho WC, Maroyi A, Martins N. 2020.  Turmeric and its major compound curcumin on health: Bioactive effects and safety profiles for food, pharmaceutical, biotechnological and medicinal applications. Frontiers in Pharmacology 11, 01021. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.01021.

Singletary K. 2020.  Turmeric: Potential health benefits. Nutrition today 55(1), 45-46. https://doi.org/10.1097/NT.0000000000000392.

Soemarie YB, Milanda T, Barliana MI. 2021. Fermented foods as probiotics: A Review.  Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 12(4), 335–339. https://doi.org/10.4103/japtr.japtr_116_21.

Sugiharto S. 2021. Herbal supplements for sustainable broiler production during post antibiotic era in Indonesia- an overview. Livestock Research for Rural Development 33(8). http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd33/8/33103sgh_u.html.

Sugiharto S, Pratama AR, Yudiarti T, Wahyuni TH, Widiastuti E, Sartono TA. 2019. Fermented feed as a Potential Source of Natural Antioxidants for Broiler Chickens – A Mini Review. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 84(4), 313-318.

Sugiharto S, Pratama AR, Yudiarti T, Wahyuni TH, Widiastuti E, Sartono TA. 2020. Effect of acidified turmeric and/or black pepper on growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine. 8, 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2020.1830691.

Untari T, Herawati O, Anggita M, Asmara W, Wahyuni AETH, Wibowo MH. 2021. The effect of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) on antibiotic resistance and the digestive system of broiler chicken in Sleman, Yogyakarta.  BIO Web Conferences 33, 04005. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20213304005.

Source : Sensory Attributes of Broiler Meat with Dietary Supplementation of Fermented Turmeric (Curcuma longa)Tubers (FTT)

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Effect of Colchicine on In-vitro Cultures of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) for Polyploid Development | InformativeBD

Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage Nilan Suneth Dayarathna , Dandudeniye Gedara Harsha Manoj Kumara Dissanayake , Prathiba Aruni Weerasinghe, and Randeniya Mudiyanselage Erandi Madushika Kumari Randeniya,  from the different institute of the Sri Lanka. wrote a research article about, Effect of Colchicine on In-vitro Cultures of Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) for Polyploid Development. Entitled, Study on the effect of colchicine on in-vitro cultures of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) approach to polyploid development. This research paper published by the International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR). an open access scholarly research journal on Agronomy. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

Crop improvement possibilities in turmeric Curcuma longa (L.) are limited due to its triploid nature except for polyploidisation. Colchicine is a chemical that is used frequently to make plants polyploidy. Hence, this research aimed to study the effect of colchicine on the ability to induce polyploidisation of in-vitro turmeric cultures. The study consisted of two experiments: (1) assay on in-vitro culturing for callus induction and (2) assay on colchicine treatments and polyploidy screening. In experiment 1, turmeric rhizome buds were cultured on MS-solidified medium for callus induction with 100 mL coconut water, 2.5 and 4.5 mg L-1 2,4-D, 0.93 mg L-1 KIN, and without growth regulators. In addition, cell suspension culture was tested for callus induction with 4.5 mg L-1 2,4-D and 0.93 mg L-1 KIN.  For polyploidy induction in experiment 2, in-vitro developed callus tissues were transferred to liquid MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of colchicine (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20%) for 2 days. Then acetocarmine staining method and microscopic observation were attempted to count the chromosome number. Nucleus size; nucleus area (µmSq) and perimeter (µm) were referred using microscopic observation under 1000× magnification and BEL capture software. The results revealed that MS-solidified medium supplemented with coconut water was most effective in inducing callus. The nucleus area (371.225 µmSq) and perimeter (65.725 µm) of the cells in 0.05% colchicine for 2 days showed the highest results. It can be concluded that 0.05% colchicine concentration has an effect on nuclear size increment thereby possibly inducing polyploidization of turmeric.

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Introduction

Turmeric is regarded as the golden spice with innumerable health benefits. Turmeric, scientifically known as Curcuma longa L. belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and genus Curcuma. Turmeric is cultivated most extensively in India, followed by Bangladesh, China, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. In most tropical regions of Africa, America, and the Pacific Ocean Island, it is also grown on a modest basis. The world’s biggest producer, importer, and user of turmeric is India (Shrishail et al., 2013).

It has many cultivars due to its highly variable morphology and the wide range of chromosome numbers in the genus, with diploid, triploid, and tetraploid plants. Curcuma longa belongs to the triploid species (2n=3x=63), a rhizomatous perennial herb whose rhizome is used as one of the most common sources of spices in the world. Turmeric's unique flavour has made it popular for usage as a flavoring ingredient, cosmetic, textile dye, and other applications. Major active ingredients of turmeric include three curcuminoids; curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin , among curcumin is the main chemical component of turmeric with 0.3-8.6% (Phukan et al., 2022). 

Turmeric is a highly valuable plant in the world. Therefore, crop improvement is timely and important for turmeric, targeting high-yielding varieties and enhancing the quality and quantity of curcumin, with high oleoresin and essential oil content, to overcome the hybridisation barrier and enhance the fertility of the plant, pest resistance, environmental adaptability, and stress tolerance for biotic and abiotic stress (Forrester et al., 2020).

Turmeric is propagated by vegetative propagules that sustain the genetic makeup of the crop throughout the generations therefore; the genetic diversity is very low in turmeric. A spontaneous mutation is one way of generating genetic diversity (Ulukapi and Nasircilar, 2018). However, it is a very rare chance to happen (Oladosu et al., 2016). Also, there are many problems when considering conventional breeding of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and crop improvement (Dudekula et al., 2022). This is a monocotyledonous species, rarely flowering. It is classified as a sterile triploid plant (2n = 3x = 63) and cannot be used as parents for further breeding and to produce sterile flowers with no gametes. Therefore, having drawback of making inter-specific crosses (Ketmaro et al., 2012). Also, during the growing season (8-10 months) each rhizome can produce 10-25 lateral buds, but only 4-6 of them actively develop plantlets. Due to its nature, it has a limited genetic diversity and therefore, crop improvement and conventional breeding is difficult (Upendri and Seran, 2021). Thus a research was aimed to study the effect of colchicine on the ability to induce polyploidisation of invitro turmeric cultures.

Reference

Dudekula MV, Kandasamy V, Balaraman SS, Selvamani SB, Muthurajan R, Adhimoolam K, Manoharan B, Natesan S. 2022. Unlocking the genetic diversity of Indian turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) germplasm based on rhizome yield traits and curcuminoids. Frontiers in Plant Science 13, 1-15.

Forrester NJ, Rebolleda GM, Sachs JL, Ashman TL. 2020. Polyploid plants obtain greater fitness benefits from a nutrient acquisition mutualism. New Phytologist 227(3), 944-954.

Gourguillon L, Rustenholz C, Lobstein A, Gondet L. 2018. Callus induction and establishment of cell suspension cultures of the halophyte Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. Scientia Horticulturae 233, 407-411.

Islam MM, Deepo DM, Nasif SO, Siddique AB, Hassan O, Siddique AB, Paul NC. 2022. Cytogenetics and consequences of polyploidization on different biotic-abiotic stress tolerance and the potential mechanisms involved. Plants 11(20), 2684.

Kamath A, Mehal W, Jain D. 2008. Colchicine-associated ring mitosis in liver biopsy and their clinical implications. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 42(9), 1060-1062.

Ketmaro S, Taychasinpitak T, Mongkolchaiyaphruek A, Wongchaochant S. 2012. Effect of colchicine on increasing pollen viability in a curcuma hybrid (Curcuma sparganifolia × C. parviflora). Kasetsart Journal – Natural Sciences 46, 363-370.

Kou Y, Ma G, Teixeira da Silva JA, Liu N. 2013. Callus induction and shoot organogenesis from anther cultures of Curcuma attenuata Wall. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 112, 1-7.

Manzoor A, Ahmad T, Bashir MA, Hafiz IA, Silvestri C. 2019. Studies on colchicine induced chromosome doubling for enhancement of quality traits in ornamental plants. Plants 8(7), 194.

Michael PS. 2011. Effects of coconut water on callus initiation and plant regeneration potentials of sweet potato. In Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales 144, 91-101.

Oladosu Y, Rafii MY, Abdullah N, Hussin G, Ramli A, Rahim HA, Miah G, Usman M. 2016. Principle and application of plant mutagenesis in crop improvement: A review. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 30(1), 1-16.

Phukan M, Sahariah M, Sahu S. 2022. Study of curcumin content and adulterants present in different marketed brands of turmeric powder. Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Research 8(2).

Shrishail D, Harish KH, Ravichandra H, Tulsianand G, Shruthi SD. 2013. Turmeric: Nature’s precious medicine. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 6(3), 10-16.

Srivastava P, Singh M, Chaturvedi R. 2020. Herbal medicine and biotechnology for the benefit of human health. In Animal biotechnology, Models in Discovery and Translation, 563-575.

Ulukapi K, Nasircilar AG. 2018. Induced mutation: creating genetic diversity in plants. In: Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Ed. Genetic Diversity in Plant Species-Characterization and Conservation. Intech Open. 96.

Upendri HFL, Seran TH. 2021 In vitro propagation of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) through direct somatic embryogenesis with reference to types of explants and plant growth regulators: A review. Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agranomicas, UNR 21(38).

Source : Study on the effect of colchicine on in-vitro cultures of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) approach topolyploid development  

 

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