Spatial and Seasonal Variation of Ichthyofauna in Lake Buyo's Littoral Zone Using Video Surveillance | InformativeBD

Abo Kouakou Jean-Baptiste, Monney Attoubé Ida, Aliko N’Guessan Gustave, N’Dri Olga Rosemonde, and Koné Tidiani, from the different institute of the Côte d'Ivoire. wrote a research article about, Spatial and Seasonal Variation of Ichthyofauna in Lake Buyo's Littoral Zone Using Video Surveillance. Entitled, Spatial and seasonal variation of ichtyofauna in the littoral zone of Lake Buyo (South-west Côte d’Ivoire) using video surveillance. This research paper published by the Journalof Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES). an open access scholarly research journal on Biodiversity. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

Video surveillance techniques are increasingly being used for aquatic research purposes because they are non-extractive and cause less disturbance to fish habitats. The aim is to use video surveillance as a sampling method to inventory fish in the littoral zones of Lake Buyo. Six baited cameras were used to sample the fish. Analysis of the video recordings enabled 18 species of fish to be identified, divided into 13 genera, 9 families and 7 orders. The best represented families were the Cyprinidae with 2102 individuals, the Cichlidae (1892 individuals) and the Alestidae (1772 individuals). Enteromius macrops (2057 individuals), Coptodon zillii (1387 individuals), Brycinus macrolepidotus (858 individuals), Brycinus longipinnis (831 individuals) and Oreochromis niloticus (469 individuals) were the most abundant species. Depending on the hydrological season, significant differences in species richness were observed between high water and low water seasons at all the stations. Analysis of the structure of the fish assemblages revealed a environment was more diverse and stable during periods of high water than during periods of low water. The use of video surveillance as a sampling method thus represents a important alternative for the collection of ichthyological data.

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Introduction

As transition zones between terrestrial and aquatic environments, littoral zones represent the most heterogeneous, diverse and productive physical environment in lakes (Brind'Amour, 2005; Zohary and Gasith, 2014). The complexity and diversity of nearshore habitats provide more food resources for fish, stimulate spawning behaviour and generate refuges for many nearshore aquatic species (Schmieder, 2004 ; Kyle et al., 2014).

Unfortunately, these ecosystems are subject to numerous anthropogenic pressures that considerably alter their role in the renewal of fish stocks. These pressures are mainly linked to intensive fishing, the use of chemical substances in agriculture the destruction of forests and the reduction in the surface area or quality of habitats (Jones, 2002 ; Onana et al., 2014 ; Monney et al., 2016).

In Côte d'Ivoire, the Buyo dam lake is no exception to these pressures. Anthropogenic activities (fishing and agriculture) have harmful consequences for fish habitats and fish stocks, sometimes leading to the disappearance of fish species (N'Dri et al., 2020). The fishing techniques and gear used by some fishermen are largely unregulated and very often considerably destroy the lake's coastal habitats, remove spawners from nests and catch all sizes of fish. Excessive variations in water level also threaten the lake's fish populations by altering feeding conditions through the reduction in prey populations (Anderson et al., 2021), or by eliminating fish spawning sites (N'Dri, 2020).

However, although numerous studies have been carried out on Lake Buyo (Kouamé, 2010; Goli Bi et al., 2019; Kouassi et al., 2019), few investigations have focused specifically on the littoral zones of this lake, in particular the zone incorporating the Taï National Park, even though the latter is known to be an important spawning ground for fish (N'Dri, 2020). Hence the need to monitor the dynamics of fish in coastal areas in order to identify and even anticipate possible degradation that could affect them. Such monitoring can also help to understand the causes inherent in these changes. The heritage and economic importance of Lake Buyo in Côte d'Ivoire alone justifies the introduction of such monitoring. The observation methods traditionally used to monitor aquatic ecosystems are based on experimental fishing. However, this extractive technique is destructive, which is undesirable in sensitive or protected areas (Pelletier, 2003 ; Kimball and Able, 2012; Sheaves et al., 2016).

In this context, video surveillance is an interesting alternative, although it is still relatively little used for monitoring aquatic ecosystems (Pelletier et al., 2006 ; Favaro et al., 2012). Visual techniques have largely proved their worth and provide a fairly complete picture of fish populations. The general aim of this study is to use video surveillance to determine the composition of the ichthyofauna at different time and space scales in the littoral zone of Lake Buyo with a view to efficient management. Specifically, the aim is to determine the diversity and abundance of fish that frequent the littoral habitats of Lake Buyo.

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Source : Spatial and seasonal variation of ichtyofauna in the littoral zone of Lake Buyo (South-west Côte d’Ivoire) using video surveillance