Effects of Two Propagation Methods on Growth and Seed Yield of Jatropha curcas (L.) in Tandjilé Region, Chad | InformativeBD

Kabé Hinlibé Karka, Megueni Clautilde, Tchobsala, and Tchuenteu Tatchum Lucien, from the different institute of the Tchad and Cameroon. wrote a research article about, Effects of Two Propagation Methods on Growth and Seed Yield of Jatropha curcas (L.) in Tandjilé Region, Chad. Entitled, Effets of two plants propagation methods on Jatropha curcas (L.) growth and seeds yield in Tandjilé region (Chad). This research paper published by the International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR). an open access scholarly research journal on Agronomy. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

Field trial was carried out in Chad to investigate the effects of two plants propagation methods on productivity of Jatropha curcas L. cultivated in four localities (Djoun, Insatal, Laï-Djoum and Tchoua) at Tandjilé region in Chad. Planting was done following a randomized block design with four replications and two treatments (plants propagation methods: cuttings of stem and seedling). Physico-chemical properties of growing soils were assessed. The growing parameters and seeds yield were evaluated. Results shown that growing parameters and seeds yield were significantly different (p˂0.05) between both plants propagation methods and four study localities. J. curcas adapted better in Tchoua locality than other three experimental sites. Cuttings of stem exhibited the highest (104±1.9 Kg/ha) seeds yield while the lowest (88±3.7 Kg/ha) is observed under seedling plants propagation method in each of four study sites. It comes out from this study that plants propagation method using cuttings of stem can be recommended to farmers of Tandjilé region (Chad) to be integrated into their agricultural systems for J. curcas growth.

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Introduction 

National communities, non-governmental organizations, national and international institutions have in recent years become aware the danger posed by the emission of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide whose fossil fuel constitutes the main emission source (Minengu et al., 2014). Faced with the industries development and exponential growth of world's population, it is urgent to find a source of alternative energy to avoid energy crisis (Fall, 2007; Sall, 2007). Research focuses on bioenergy, particularly on non-edible plants that can produce oils with biofuel potentiality (Dieye, 2007; Bellefontaine, 2001; Nwaga, 2009). Jatropha curcas L., a shrub belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family, is one of the vegetable species that can solve energy problems because the oil extracted from its seeds can be used as biofuels without competing with food crops. J. Curcas growth well in intercropping with food crop (Dauriat et al., 2001, FAO, 2010). This plant is not edible for humans or livestock. It is widely used in traditional medicine. Seeds oil from J. curcas is used in the manufacture of biofuel, handmade soap, ointment and then used as insecticides and nematocides for crops protection (Hammaoui, 2006).

The cake obtained after seeds oil extraction is an excellent organic fertilizer for crops (Penjit, 2012). This cake can be used as fodder for livestock after detoxification (Kasuya et al., 2013). The stem of J. curcas is used for hedgerows construction. J. curcas adapts to various soils, withstands long periods of drought and requires very little maintenance. But its optimal production requires a well-drained and fertile soil (Bellefontaine, 2001; Olivier, 2007). Many countries in the world, including America, Asia and recently some West African countries have embarked on its culture for biofuels production. The Sudanian zone of Chad offers a favorable climate for planting this shrub in order to solve the socio-economic needs of population stricken by poverty. The purpose of this work was to evaluate (1) the physico-chemical characteristics of soils from Sudanian savannah of Tandjilé (Chad), (2) plants propagation methods (seedling and cuttings of stem) as well as localities of Sudanian savannah of Tandjilé (Chad) on J. curcas growth and development. The importance and usefulness of this work follows from the fact that the plants propagation method and the Chad study area which will provide the highest seeds yield of J. curcas will be popularized.

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Source: Effets of two plants propagation methods on Jatropha curcas (L.) growth and seeds yield in Tandjiléregion (Chad)

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