Bioelectronic Systems: A Novel Approach in Controlled Drug Delivery | InformativeBD

V. T. Iswariya, from the institute of India. Sitawar Anusha, from the institute of India. Varada Bala Gnana Laxmi, from the institute of India. Akshay, from the institute of India and T. Ramarao, from the institute of India. wrote a Review Article about, Bioelectronic Systems: A Novel Approach in Controlled Drug Delivery. Entitled, Bioelectronic systems in controlled drug delivery systems- A novel dosage form. This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences (IJB). an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher. 

Abstract

Electronic drug delivery systems (EDDS) are an interesting advancement in drug delivery technology. They are portable, interactive, wirelessly networked, and enable patient-administered medication, which lowers overall healthcare costs. Controlled DDS maintains drug plasma levels constantly by releasing the definite dose of the drug at each time point for a predetermined duration. This helps in reducing the dose and dosing frequency and improves patient compliance. Lesser drug exposure to the biological environment reduces drug toxicity and adverse effects. Among controlled release. Transdermal delivery mode (referred to as patches) is more preferably used among them because of great patient compliance. Bioelectronic systems play a crucial role in electronically controlled drug delivery systems by integrating electronic components with biological systems to deliver drugs with precision and efficiency. Their efficiency is further increased when integrated into remotely operated systems. One of the main motivations for developing EDDS was to increase patient adherence to recommended drug regimens. Moreover, EDDS have demonstrated the ability to administer drugs to specific body locations on demand. This review concentrates on electronic medication delivery systems, despite the fact that there are many different types of drug delivery devices on the market. Along with their mechanism of actions are also discussed.

Read more : Phytochemical Evolutionin Three Charcoal-Preserved Plantain Cultivars (Musa sp.) | InformationBD 

Introduction

Controlled drug delivery system This is the drug delivery system in which a constant level of a drug is maintained in blood and tissue for an extended period. Controlled DDS maintains drug plasma levels constantly by releasing the definite dose of the drug at each time point for a predetermined duration (Tekade et al., 2018). This helps in reducing the dose and dosing frequency and improves patient compliance. Lesser drug exposure to the biological environment reduces drug toxicity and adverse effects.

Evolution of the controlled release dosage forms First-generation: This generation of dosage forms mainly involves four types of mechanisms for drug release, which include the oral and transdermal formulations. The mechanisms involved are dissolution, osmosis, diffusion, and ion exchange. Diffusion and dissolution-controlled systems are the most widely used mechanisms of drug delivery. The success of the first generation of drugs is mainly the development of the oral and transdermal routes (Park et al., 2014).

Second-generation: These are not widely used. Electrically delivery systems were developed for introducing insulin. Due to its lesser bioavailability, it is administered many times higher per dose than is required, which results in toxicity. In the last decade of the second generation, nanoparticles that target genes and tumors were studied. 

The third generation: involves the delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs, long-term and non-invasive technology for delivering proteins/nucleic acids/peptides, and drug delivery to the targeted site using nanoparticles (Yun et al., 2015).

Formulations of controlled-release medication Oral, intravenous, and transdermal patches are easily developed. Among controlled release, transdermal delivery mode (referred to as patches) is more preferably used among them because of great patient compliance.

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Source :  Bioelectronic systemsin controlled drug delivery systems- A novel dosage form 

 

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Phytochemical Evolution in Three Charcoal-Preserved Plantain Cultivars (Musa sp.) | InformationBD

Sabli Loh Tinnde Charles, from the institute of Côte d’Ivoire. Wohi Maniga, from the institute of Côte d’Ivoire. Coulibaly Souleymane, from the institute of Côte d’Ivoire. and Kouadio N’guessan Eugene Jean Parfait, from the institute of Côte d’Ivoire. wrote a research article about, Phytochemical Evolution in Three Charcoal-Preserved Plantain Cultivars (Musa sp.). entitled, Evolution of phytochemicals compounds of three plantain cultivars (Musa sp.) preserved by a method involving charcoal. This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences (IJB). an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher. 

Abstract

Despite the good nutritional qualities and large production areas of plantain bananas, their production is subject to a lack of inexpensive conservation techniques that are accessible to everyone. For this, a conservation study combining charcoal and polyethylene bags was carried out. For this work, the fruits of the plantain varieties Saci, Big-Ebanga and Orishélé harvested at the mature stage were preserved in six different storage media. Some physicochemical and antinutritional parameters such as polyphenols, flavonoids and phytates of the pulps of the three varieties of plantain bananas were determined according to standard methods. The results obtained indicate that the storage time in the media containing charcoal exceeded 30 days, unlike the control media where the storage times were 12 and 24 days. of polyphenols between 120.66 and 1961.10mg/100g DM and finally of flavonoids between 0.76 and 7.23mg/100g DM. Regarding the antinutritional parameters, the phytate levels vary between 42.66 and 64.05mg / 100g DM.

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 Introduction

The plantain banana is a fruit which, in addition to contributing to food security, is an excellent source of carbohydrates for its high content of complex carbohydrates (starch), thus providing consumers with the bulk of total energy with rates varying from 89 to 90.52 Kcal per 100g of dry matter (FAO, 2003). Apart from carbohydrate parameters, plantain also contains phytochemicals. Indeed, they are natural and biologically active chemical compounds in plants. They act as a natural defense system for host plants and provide color, aroma and flavor. They are localized on fruits, seeds, stem epidermis, flower and other peripheral surfaces of plants. They are a group of bioactive substances inherent in plants and are responsible for protecting these plants against environmental stress, microbial attacks, insects and other external aggressions (Daramola and Adegoke, 2011). The consumption of foods rich in phytochemical compounds such as carotenoids, polyphenols, isoprenoids, phytosterols, saponins, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, etc., allows, on a curative or preventive basis, to spare consumers from diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc. (Ashwani et al., 2023). In addition, the plantain (Musa spp), like most tropical fruits and vegetables, is highly perishable. Given its perishable nature, a practical, accessible and inexpensive method of preservation, unlike known methods, has been tested with the aim of contributing sustainably to food security by reducing post-harvest losses. The interest of this work is then to evaluate the impact of this charcoal-based preservation method on some phytochemical parameters of these plantain fruits during storage

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Source : Evolution of phytochemicals compounds of three plantain cultivars (Musa sp.) preserved by amethod involving charcoal 

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