Faham Khamesipour, Amin
Khodadoustan Shahraki, Manouchehr Moumeni,
Reza Khadivi Boroujeni, and Mehrdad Yadegari, from the institute of Iran.
wrote a Research article about, Listeria Detection in Crayfish: PCR-Based Study
in Iran. entitled, Prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in the crayfish
(Astacus leptodactylus) by polymerase chain reaction in Iran. This research
paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences | IJB.
Abstract
The Crayfish are the
largest freshwater crustacean via high skill opposite wide range of environment
variables and The freshwater Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (A. leptodactylus)
is the one of the important species of Crayfish family that rearing it
significant in several nations . Iran has a significant role in export of A.
leptodactylus to European nations. A number of species have been used
aquaria and some use seafood consumer. Listeriosis have become an important
topic in biomedical research because of its central role in food microbiology
and medical microbiology. In Iran, some reports is available on prevalence
of Listeria spp. in A. leptodactylus. The aim of this study was
to find the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in A.
leptodactylus meat samples in Iran. From November 2012 to February 2013, a
total of 40 meat samples of A. leptodactylus samples were obtained
from randomly selected localities in “Aras Dam” , Western-Azerbaijan Province ,
Iran. The samples were tested for the presence of L. monocytogenes using
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Three samples (7.5%) were positive for L.
monocytogenes by PCR method. The results show that crayfish from the
studied area regularly contain this pathogen that is important to public
health. Consumption of these sea foods, either raw or undercooked, may give to
food borne illness in Iran.
Read more : Drinking Water Quality & Disease Risks in Rural Azad Kashmir | InformativeBD
Introduction
The Crayfish are the
largest freshwater crustacean via high skill opposite wide range of environment
variables and The freshwater Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (A. leptodactylus)
is the one of the important species of Crayfish family that rearing it
significant in several nations (McMahon, 1986; Holdich et al., 1997).Iran has a
significant role in export of A. leptodactylus to European nations. At the
moment, England, Germany, Sweden and France are the main importers of crayfish
from Iran (Matinfar, 2007). A number of species have been used for aquaculture
aim and more in recent times, there has been an increase in the sale of
crayfish for aquaria and some use seafood consumer in the world (Alderman and
Polglase, 1988).
Listeriosis is a
significant bacterial infection make happen via a gram positive facultative
anaerobe, rodshaped, non-spore-forming and intracellular bacteria (Gawade et
al., 2010). The bacteria Listeria spp. have become an important topic in
biomedical research because of their central role in food and medical
microbiology. The genus Listeria is composed of six species: L. monocytogens,
L. innocua, L. grayi, L. ivanovii, L. seeligeri, and L. welshimeri. L.
monocytogenes is the most important human pathogen among Listeria spp , even
though very rare cases of infection because of L. seeligeri and L. ivanovii
have been described (Mclauchlin, 1997; Guillet et al., 2010). The existence of
any Listeria species in food is possibly an indicator of poor hygiene. However,
since L. monocytogenes is the major human pathogen, there is widespread
agreement that the goal should be to exclude this organism from the food chain
wherever possible, and to keep up conditions that will inhibit its
multiplication in foods in which This organism is an acute and regularly fatal
illness by clinical manifestations resembling sepsis or meningitis in
immunocompromised patients and neonatal babies and flu-like illness or abortion
during pregnancy in women, encephalitis, gastroenteritis, this bacterium can grow (Wyller et al., 1999;
Rocurt et al., 2000).
arthritis and
conjunctivitis (Vázquez-Boland et al., 2001; Delgado, 2008). In ruminants,
listeriosis is characterized as encephalitis presentation typical ’circling’
symptoms, conjunctivitis, stillbirth, third trimester abortion, etc. (Hoelzer
et al., 2012). The case-fatality rate from listeriosis is usually about 20– 30%
(Farber and Peterkin, 1991). Its public health importance lies in its presence
everywhere in nature that shows clearly its wide host range, which includes 40
mammals, 20 birds, crustaceans, fishes and ticks (Gawade et al., 2010). This
pathogen is generally distributed in nature and is commonly transmitted to
human through contaminated water and food (Kuhn et al., 1988). Biofilm
formation on food-contact surfaces via this pathogen is a sign of severe public
health hazards (Zameer et al., 2010). L. monocytogenes is one of very few
pathogenic organisms which can grow at frozen temperatures. Consequently, the
storage of food at low temperatures don't growth of this pathogen (Junttila et
al., 1988). Most important occurrences of listeriosis have been associated by
the consumption of foods of animal origin (Iida et al., 1998; Rocourt et al.,
2000), specially sea foods, for example shrimp, mussels and undercooked fish
(Brett et al., 1998; Wan Norhana et al., 2010).
Since fish and fishery
products are perhaps a vehicle for L. monocytogenes, it is significant to have
data on the prevalence of this pathogen. L. monocytogenes has been isolated
often from fish and fish products from different parts of the world (Hassan et
al., 2001; Mena et al., 2004; Basti et al., 2006; Parihar et al., 2008; Wan
Norhana et al., 2010). Therefore, regular screening and constant surveillance
of food products including seafood for the presence of this pathogen are
required. PCR is a technique which possesses sensitivity, rapidity and
specificity and could be employed to help rapid diagnosis of L. monocytogenes
contamination (Rahimi et al., 2012). Therefore, it is considered that DNA
extraction and PCR could become a practical difference to the conventional
techniques for detection of L. monocytogenes (Rahimi et al., 2012 ). The
current study deals by the isolation and confirmation of L.
monocytogenes from sea
foods by rapid, reliable and simple PCR method. In Iran, there are not many
reports is available on prevalence of Listeria spp. among crayfish (Astacus
leptodactylus), but is available on prevalence of Listeria spp. in several
works on other foods, specially sea foods. The aim of the current study was to
study prevalence of L. monocytogenes in A. leptodactylus using PCR, in Iran.
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