Integrated Management Strategies for Fusarium Root Rot and Wilt in Soybean | InformativeBD

M. Tahmidur Rahman, M. Tanbir Rubayet , Abu Ashraf Khan, and M. Khurshed Alam Bhuiyan,  from the different institute of the Bangladesh. wrote a research article about, Integrated Management Strategies for Fusarium Root Rot and Wilt in Soybean. Entitled, Integrated management of fusarium root rot and wilt disease of soybean caused by Fusarium oxysporum. This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences (IJB). an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

An attempt was taken for the management of Fusarium root rot and wilt disease of soybean caused by Fusarium oxysporum using the integration of bio-agent with fungicide and organic amendment. Before going to the field experiments, different in vitro trials were conducted to select a virulent isolate of F. oxysporum, an effective antagonistic isolate of Trichderma harzianum, suitable fungicide and organic amendment. Among the seven isolates of F. oxysporum, FOS-3 isolate was selected as a tested pathogen by the pathogenicity test. On the contrary, among the eighty-seven isolates of T. harzianum, ISR-26 isolate showed the highest (78.70%) inhibition of radial growth of test pathogen. In the case of fungicidal evaluation trial, Provax 200WP was found the most effective fungicide at the lowest conc. (75 ppm) for inhibiting the radial growth of F. oxysporum isolate FOS-3. Additionally, in vitro trial of different organic amendments, mustard oil cake was found the most effective organic amendment for reducing the growth and development of test pathogen at 3% concentration level. In the field trial, integrated use of T. harzianum with Provax 200WP and mustard oil cake under the treatment T9 has appeared the best treatment in reducing seedling mortality (77.67%), disease incidence (81.88%) as well as disease severity (87.51%) caused by the test pathogen. Moreover, treatment T9 was not only the best treatment for the management of soybean disease but also increased the significant quantity of yield (2.25 tha-1). 

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Introduction

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important oilseeds crop all over the world. Nowadays, it’s becoming a popular winter crop in Bangladesh. In 2017, the total soybean production in Bangladesh was about 97000 tons (Anon, 2018). There are several factors attributed to the low production of soybean such as climatic conditions, differences in rainfall patterns, an outbreak of diseases and pests etc. Among these factors, plant diseases play a major role in the yield reduction of soybean. More than hundreds of pathogens are known to affect soybean where sixty-six fungi, six bacteria, eight viruses and seven nematodes (Sinclair, 1978).

F. oxysporum is one of the most destructive seedborne as well as soil-borne fungus which can cause root rot and wilt disease of soybean. When F. oxysporum attacks the soybean plant, the lower taproot and lateral roots become brown to black and show cortical decay or prominent vascular discoloration. Finally, the lateral roots may also die and decompose. In the meantime, secondary roots may develop on the upper taproot of the plant. If root rot becomes severe, infected soybeans may develop foliar symptoms including marginal or whole leaf chlorosis, stunting, wilting and finally leaves defoliation. However, the management of this pathogen is difficult because of its long persistence in soil and wide host range. Some chemical fungicides are effective against this fungus but these chemicals are expensive and harmful for living things as well as the environment (Abdel-Monaim et al., 2011). The green revolution has led to intensified agriculture to meet the ever-increasing demands for food and fiber, which is practiced at great cost to the environment, resulting in continuous damage of natural ecosystems, groundwater and food-stuff pollution and other environmental degradation. Indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers in modern agriculture has resulted in the development of several problems such as pesticide resistance in pests, the resurgence of target and non-target pests, destruction of beneficial organisms like honey bees, and chemical residues in food, feed and fodder. However, a few studies have been done on the management of fusarium root rot and wilt disease of soybean but there is no report on integrated management of the above-mentioned disease of soybean in Bangladesh. Considering the aforesaid facts, the present research was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated disease management strategies consisted of bio-agent, fungicide and organic amendment against Fusarium root rot and wilt disease of soybean caused by F. oxysporum.

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