Fruit Peel Power: Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Putranjiva roxburghi | InformativeBD

Md. Mahmudul Hasan,  Most. Sayla Tasmin,  Md Abu Reza, and Ariful Haque, from the institute of Bangladesh. wrote a Research article about, Fruit Peel Power: Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potential of Putranjiva roxburghi. Entitled, Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. fruit peel. This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences| IJB. an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. (Euphorbiaceae) has long been used in folk treatment. Considering this folkloric background, this study was designed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of P. roxburghii fruit peel (PRFP) enthanolic (95%) extract. Antioxidant activity was checked based on 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity. Antibacterial aptitude of PRFP was assessed using disc diffusion assay against two bacterial strains Bacillus subtelis and Enterobacter xiangfangensis. Disc diffusion assay was performed with three different PRFP doses (250, 500, and 1000 µg/disc). PRFP showed excellent antioxidant activity with 17.3 µg/mL IC50 (concentration that scavenged 50% DPPH radical) value. In antibacterial test, PRFP inhibited growth both of B. subtelis and E. xiangfangensis by revealing inhibition zone in dose-dependent fashion. Overall, PRFP is a rich source of pharmaceutical agents in terms of antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

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Introduction

Several factors such as environmental pollutants, radiation, chemicals, and toxins stimulate physiological and biochemical processes in cells of living organism and lead to generate free radicals. This generates an imbalance in the formation and neutralization of prooxidants that subsequently seek steadiness through electron pairing with biological macromolecules such as lipids, DNA, and proteins leading to oxidative stress in the physiological system (Al-Abd et al., 2015; Hasan et al., 2018; Joty et al., 2019). These adverse conditions cause lipid peroxidation as well as protein or DNA damage or both in human body cells. Subsequently, cellular damage provokes aging and several chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer as well as inflammatory, cardiovascular, and other degenerative diseases in humans (Al-Abd et al., 2015). However, antioxidant compounds from plant origin have the ability to halt these free radicals. The plant derived antioxidants have been reported to be composed of phenolic (such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tocopherols) and nitrogen compounds (amines, amino acids, chlorophyll derivatives, and alkaloids) as well as ascorbic acid and carotenoids (Velioglu et al., 1998). These natural antioxidants are being used in traditional medicine because of minimal side effects as well as carcinogenicity of the synthetic antioxidants (Al-Abd et al., 2015, Al-Rifai et al., 2017).

Plants are one of the most promising sources of valuable medicinal agents in traditional medicine practices from the very beginning of human civilization worldwide. Moreover, medicinal plants are rich source of antimicrobial agents. The rising resistance of bacteria to antibiotics poses a considerable challenge when fighting against infectious diseases caused by bacteria (Raza et al., 2012; Bandara et al., 2018). Therefore, utilization of plant extracts and their isolated compounds as efficient agents against microorganisms has been increased (Hassine et al., 2014). Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. (Euphorbiaceae) is widely grown in Bangladesh, India, Indochina, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand (Hasan et al., 2019). It is locally known as “Putranjiv” in Bangladesh. The seed of this plant is a good source of a trypsin inhibitor (Chaudhary et al., 2008), and a thermostable glycosyl hydrolase family 1 enzyme with β-D-glucosidase and β-D-galactosidase activities (Patel et al., 2012). The leaves of this plant have been reported to be spread over the floor of maternity room for an easy delivery (Singh and Bisht, 1999). This plant has long been traditionally used for the treatment of arthralgia, fever, muscle pain, rheumatism, hemorrhoids, and inflammation (Boonyaprapat and Chokechaicharoenporn, 1999; Phuphathanaphong, 2006; Reanmongkol et al., 2009). Moreover, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) study of fruit peel of this plant demonstrated that a total of 25 compounds are present having a wide range of bioactivity including anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-noceptive, anti-convulsant, anti-depressive, antitrypanosomal, anti-fungal, anti-viral analgesic, anxiolytic, cytoprotective, neuroprotective, anthelmintic, wound healing, mosquito repellent, trypanocidal sedative, hypocholesterolemic, insecticide, insectifuge, chemo-preventive, pesticidal, and cytotoxic (Hasan et al., 2019).

Hence, considering the information mentioned above, this study was designed to evaluate antioxidant and antibacterial activity of P. roxburghii fruit peel extract (PRFP).

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Article source : Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. fruit peel