Anthelmintic, Efficacy,
Extract, Phytochemical, and Sasso
chicken, from the institute of Philippines. wrote a Research article
about, Natural Dewormers: Anthelmintic Power of Star Apple and Guava Bark
Extracts. Entitled, Anthelmintic activity of Chrysophyllum cainito and Psidium
guajava ethanolic bark extracts against Ascaridia galli of chicken. This
research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences | IJB. an
open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the
affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an
open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.
Abstract
Limited substantiations
are available supporting the pharmacological properties of herbal plants utilized
in ethno-veterinary medication which remained sustainable in local communities
in spite of advancements in animal health today. This study evaluated
through in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic assays the
folkloric use of Chrysophyllum cainito and Psidium guajava,
which are among the selection of documented florae in the Philippines being
used in ethno-veterinary medicine. In vitro anthelmintic evaluation
showed time-dependent and concentration-dependent efficacies. The ovicidal
action of Chrysophyllum cainito bark ethanolic extract at 60mg/ml has
recorded 94.65% inhibition capacity, whereas Psidium guajava bark
ethanolic extract generated 92.64% and 96.28% efficacies at 30mg/ml and 60mg/ml
dilutions, respectively. The wormicidal activity of the former elicited 88.88%
at 60mg/kg, while the latter yielded 88.88% and 94.44% mortalities to worms at
30mg/ml and 60mg/ml dilutions, correspondingly. Probit analysis on the lethal
concentration (LC50) against eggs and worms was logged at different magnitudes
for both plants. In vivo assessment by means of fecal egg count
reduction (FECR) rate has signified biologically, that the tested plants
undoubtedly possess anthelmintic property.
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Introduction
The scientific
dwellings in modern animal health is averted with issues on drug resistance and
residues attributed to injudicious use of veterinary drugs; a menace which may
possibly upsurge as global problem in the future. The undisciplined custom of
employing anthelmintics both for therapeutic and non-therapeutic purposes
raises distress to authorities. Indeed, most farmers are reliant on the use of
synthetic anti-parasitic drugs, and less application of organic approach (Waller,
2006).
The control and
prevention of these parasites have depended largely on the application of
several synthetic preparations of anthelmintics (Kumarasingha et al., 2016). In
view of this concern, experts are assertive in seeking alternative approaches
of controlling worm infection in animals, such as the elimination of Ascaridia
galli, which is the most known parasite of birds that causes severe illness,
pathological deformities and financial losses even in modern fowl production
systems (Garedaghi, 2011; Soulsby, 1982).
The documented
resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to commercial dewormers has
intensified the essential need to evaluate natural products, which can supplant
the current approaches of controlling these parasites (Macedo et al., 2012).
Innovative dealings to control helminth infections are essential at this hour
in order to halt this very concern on anthelmintic resistance (Giri et al.,
2015). The identification of anthelmintic plant extract with promising
pharmacologic properties may contribute to the development of phytotherapeutic
products with lower risk of resistance in contrast to conventional medication
currently employed (Ferreira et al., 2013). Yigezu et al. (2014) highlighted
the need for further methodical evaluations of plant materials used in
ethno-veterinary medicine. As such, limited investigation finding is known on
the pharmacological properties of Psidium guajava and Chrysophyllum cainito
specifically on the anthelmintic activity. This therefore, dictates the need to
search for substantial scientific evidences on the beneficial use of the
aforementioned herbal plants that would offer alternatives to animal raisers in
managing worm infection using vegetation found in the surroundings which are
safe, efficient and inexpensive.
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