Foliar Glycine Betaine Improves Broccoli Performance | InformativeBD

Sana Liaqat,  Nida Mansoora,  Muhammad Shahnawaz Bhatti,  Shafaq Aslam,  Nida Batool, Sana Ishaq, Ashir Masroor, and Filza Ghafoor, from the institute of Pakistan. wrote a Research article about, Foliar Glycine Betaine Improves Broccoli Performance. Entitled, Effect of foliar applied glycine betaine on growth performance of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica). This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences | IJB. an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

Glycine betaine performs a crucial role, like osmoprotectant and cytoplasmic osmotic solute specifically in the members of family Gramineae and Chenopodiaceae. Brassica oleracea var. Italica subvariety PALMIRA 2 hybrid due to the presence of glucosinolate plays a vital role for humans. A pot experiment was performed at the Old Botanical Garden, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. 35 days seedlings were transplanted to pots filled with 7 kg of soil for two weeks to get them acclimatized to pot soil conditions. Foliar application of glycine betaine (0, water spray, 5, 10, and 15 mM) was given after 2 months of transplantation. Data regarding the growth parameters, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes, mineral ions determination, nutrient use efficiency, nutrient uptake, total soluble proteins, and photosynthetic pigments were collected after 15 days of glycine betaine application. Application of GB increased shoot fresh and dry weight, shoot length, root dry weight, shoot calcium, potassium, nutrient uptake of sodium, calcium, potassium, SOD, peroxidase, and total soluble proteins of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. Italica). Implementation of GB showed non-significant results of parameters such as root fresh weight, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, a/b, carotenoids, and total chlorophyll), nutrient use efficiency of sodium, and catalase activity.

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Introduction

Glycine betaine performs a crucial role, like osmoprotectant or as a well-suited cytoplasmic osmotic solute specifically in the members of family Gramineae and Chenopodiaceae. Glycine betaine is zwitterionic, N-methyl derivative present in many higher plants, microorganisms, and animals (Saeed et al., 2016). In plants improved the action of antioxidants, proteins, enzymes, and photosynthetic activity of plants (Banu et al., 2009).

Synthesis of glycine betaine is not the same in different plants for example some plants like barley and spinach gather comparatively high levels of GB as compared to tobacco and Arabidopsis thaliana in their chloroplasts. Application of glycine betaine protect plants from stress, and it is introduced in higher plant and microorganisms by genetic engineering which shows the importance of GB.

It keeps the cell membrane integral in its nature and enzyme equilibrium takes part in the removal of ROS from the cell (Sakamoto and Murata, 2002).

In agriculture from an economical and defensive perspective, foliar-applied glycine betaine is very important. Due to its ameliorative nature to enhance crop production and reduces toxic environmental stresses. Besides GB improves the activities of antioxidant enzymes in rice seedlings. Accumulation of glycine betaine protects plant plasma membrane from disruption, high temperature (Hasanuzzaman et al., 2014).

Broccoli variety PAALMIRA 2 hybrid member of Brassicaceae family and grows up to 90cm in length. It is found around the Mediterranean region and southwestern Europe. It is an old vegetable native to Turkey and its cultivation starts there, later it is found in the USA, England.

In 1923 its industrial cultivation started (Decoteau, 2000). Broccoli is composed of sulforaphane, glucosinolates, selenium, polyphenols, and secondary metabolites, A, C, and E vitamins are also present.

Isothiocyanates present in broccoli, help in the prevention of cancer, its leaves are also utilized in the treatment of skin-related diseases. The presence of glucoraphanin sulforaphane in broccoli high concentration completely hinder the chemical induction of breast cancer in rats (Meyer et al., 2008).

The sprouts of broccoli are famous because of rich in vitamin contents, minerals, and glucosinolate secondary metabolites act as phenolic compounds (Baenas et al., 2012).

 Objectives To evaluate the effect of foliar application of glycine betaine on broccoli variety PALMIRA 2 hybrid.

To observe the changes in physiological and morphological characters of broccoli by foliar spray of glycine betaine.

Reference

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Abbreviations SOD Superoxide dismutase, POD peroxidase. 

Article source : Effect of foliar applied glycine betaine on growth performance of broccoli (Brassica oleraceavar. Italica)