Optimizing In Vitro Organogenesis in Sugarcane Using Plant Growth Regulators | InformativeBD

Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Ishaq,  Ajmal Mandozai, Asif Ali Khan,  Noor al amin,  Muhammad Inam,  Raza Ullah,  Hina Shaukat, Muhammad Abrar, Ismail Khan, and Raham Sher Khan, from the institute of China. wrote a Research article about, Optimizing In Vitro Organogenesis in Sugarcane Using Plant Growth Regulators. Entitled, Optimization of an efficient system for the In Vitro Organogenesis of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) from apical shoot explant using different plant growth regulators. This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences | IJB. an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences| INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.

Abstract

An efficient in vitro system provides considerable opportunities to regenerable target tissues in plants. The large scale multiplication of newly released sugarcane varieties still remains inexplicit. Here, we investigate the response of three different sugarcane varieties (CP 77400, CP2086, and M 93) towards the onset of callus induction and adventitious organogenesis. Young leaves of apical shoot were subjected to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with various combination and concentrations of growth regulators for callus induction, adventitious shoot morphogenesis and rooting. Our results indicated that highest percent callus induction was observed in variety CP77400 which was 80% when explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.5 mg/l auxin after 14 days of incubation. The maximum adventitious shoot induction was observed in CP 77400 variety incubated with MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l auxin and 1 mg/l cytokinin. Morover, sugarcane variety CP 77400 showed highest rate of in vitro root induction when incubated with half MS basal medium supplemented 3 mg/l auxin alone. Regarding the mean number of roots per shoots and the average length of the roots, the variety CP77400 showed the highest number of roots per shoots (8.4) and the highest root length (6.5 cm) on half-strength MS medium supplemented with auxin (3 mg/L). Thus, these findings can be used to promote mass production of different varieties of sugarcane which may overcome the present trend of demand future.

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Introduction

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is an important agro-industrial crop which serves as a primary source of sugar across the world (Raza et al., 2010). It is a C4 plant belongs to genus Saccharum, which represent not only the major source of world's sugar but possess potential to be a key crop in biofactory evolution as it generates high yield of important products e.g. paper, biofibers, acetic acid, industrial enzymes, animal feed, renewable source of energy, biofuel and bioplastic (Nonato et al., 2001). Every year product losses in sugarcane production account for up to 70%, due to many biotic and abiotic stresses as bacteria, fungi, viruses (Parmessur et al., 2002) and drought and salinity stresses. Approximately 100 types of diseases caused by different types of pests and insects concerned with sugarcane have been reported worldwide in different countries, but most predominant diseases of sugarcane are fungal pathogen which leads to the appearance of spots on the leaves of sugarcane. However, various other physiological factors which comprise major constrains to the production of sugarcane, including high aneuploidy, low fertility, large genome size and complex environmental interactions. Consequently, lack of suitable propagation system is considered serious threats in sugarcane cultivation procedures (Tiwari et al., 2010). In order to resolve the problems related to the climate changes and the need of a novel varieties, the techniques of plant tissue culture are followed nowadays (Yadav et al., 2012). For many other species, sugarcane may benefit of unconventional breeding mediated by in vitro techniques to speed up the genetic improvement (Rugini et al., 2016). The micropropagation and establishment of aseptic tissue culture have gained enormous position throughout last thirty years. Genetic engineering can significantly integrate transgenic traits or somaclonal variation for the introduction of interesting traits as salt and drought tolerance, pest and disease resistance (Ahmed et al., 2019; Rugini et al., 2016; Silvestri et al., 2016). Furthermore, it has been observed that plant tissue culture has overcome many problems related with traditional breeding systems by confirming disease free propagation of sugarcane and reduced the time frame which is a pre requisite for plant proliferation (Khan et al., 2006). The aim of current study was to develop an efficient and reliable protocol for the in vitro callus initiation and regeneration of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) using apical shoots as explants.

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Article source :Optimization of an efficient system for the In Vitro Organogenesis of Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) from apical shoot explant using different plant growth regulators