KS. Ahmed, ME. Hoque , M. Shamsuzzaman, S. Sultana, and MS. Islam from the different institute of the dhaka, wrote a research article about, Caladium bicolor: In Vitro Regeneration Insights, entitled,"In vitro regeneration of Caladium bicolor".This research paper published by the International Journal of Biosciences | IJB. an open access scholarly research journal on Biosciences. under the affiliation of the International Network For Natural Sciences | INNSpub. an open access multidisciplinary research journal publisher.
Abstract
The present experiment
was conducted to determine the ideal concentration of different plant growth
regulators (BA, Kin, IBA, IAA, and NAA) for in vitro regeneration
of Caladium bicolor using shoot tip explants. The work was designed
in CRD with three replications. Shoot tip explants gave rise to multiple shoots
when cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentration of BA with
IBA. The highest (90%) response of shoot multiplication was obtained in MS
medium containing 0.25-1.0mg/L BA + 2.0-2.5mg/L IBA. The regenerated shoots
were then rooted on MS medium with different concentrations NAA, IAA and IBA.
The maximum frequency of rooting and highest number of roots was produced on
medium containing 2.0mg/L IAA. In accordance with average growth
characteristics, it was revealed that the combined effect of BA and IBA
appeared to be better to individual performance. The plantlets, thus developed
were hardened and successfully established in soil. The plants raised through
tissue culture exhibited normal growth. Reliable protocols for micropropagation
of Caladium bicolor were established, which could be used for large
scale production of disease free, high-yielding, and premium quality planting
material.
Introduction
Caladium bicolor is a
member of Araceae family(arum family) and commonly known as angel wings,heart
of Jesus and fancy-leaved caladium (Ali et al.,2007; Syedi et al., 2016). It is
an importantornamental plant valued for its long-lasting colorfulfoliage, and
is commonly grown in containers and inthe landscape (Syedi et al., 2016; Deng,
2018; Zhanget al, 2019). They are grown for their colorful leavesthat have a
combination of green and white, greenand red, white with red blotches or green
veins andsome have lavender spots. The size of the heartshapedleaves may vary
from 6 inches to 2 feet inlength. Ornamental value of Caladiums depends to
agreat extent on leaf characteristics, including shape,color, color pattern,
and venation pattern (Deng andHarbaugh, 2005).
Generally, Caladium is
propagated from tubers forcommercial purpose but tuber propagation
haslimitations as tubers produce healthier plants for oneseason only and second
year foliage is usually not asgood as the first year. Therefore, more
satisfactoryresults may be obtained by starting with new tuberseach year.
Commercial propagation can also beachieved through seeds but the seed
propagation isdifficult, being seeds very small, requires handpollinations,
very high mortality and very difficult tokeep plant true to type and pathogen
free. Moreover,plants grown from seeds are very expensive. It hasalso been
reported that seed propagation results invariability (Ali et al., 2007; Deng et
al., 2007).Concerns have been raised about possible loss ofgenetic diversity
due to a drastic decline in thenumber of cultivars in the last century.
Moreover, thismethod is very difficult to keep plant true to type andpathogen
free (Siddiqui et al., 1993; Deng et al.,2007). Consequently, seed propagation is
not used incommercial production of caladium plants.
Recently, many caladium companies and nurserieshave started using tissue culture technology known asmicropropagation for large scale production of true totype and disease free caladium. In vitro techniquesare powerful tools for plant breeders in improving theperformance of agriculture, horticulture andfloriculture plant species. Interest in tissue culturepropagation of Caladium bicolor has evolved due to itsornamental importance throughout the world. Thesuccess of the micropropagation method depends onseveral factors like genotype, media, PGRs and type ofexplants (Pati et al., 2005; Nhut et al., 2010). Someinvestigations were done on micropropagation ofCaladium spp. using leaf, apical meristem,inflorescences and other explants and a high number oftreatments, plant growth regulators (PGRs), and dosages( Mujib et al., 2000; Chu and Yazawa, 2001; Ahmad etal., 2004; Ali et al., 2007; Thepsithar et al., 2010).
Therefore, the present
investigation was carried out to identify the best hormonal combination in
Caladium bicolor regeneration as well as rapid and easy in vitro propagation of
Caladium bicolor.
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